Foundation Types

Abstract ancestor class for all other classes. Usually maps to a type like Any or Object in an object-oriented technology. Defined here to provide value and reference equality semantics.

Value equality: return True if this and other are attached to objects considered to be equal in value.

Reference equality for reference types, value equality for value types.

Create new instance of a type.

Type name of an object as a string. May include generic parameters, as in "Interval<Time>".

True if current object not equal to other. Returns not equal().

Type representing minimal interface of built-in Boolean type.

Logical conjunction of this with other.

Boolean semi-strict conjunction with other.

Boolean disjunction with other.

Boolean semi-strict disjunction with other.

Boolean exclusive or with other.

Boolean implication of other (semi-strict)

Boolean negation of the current value.

Involutive_negation: is_equal (not (not self))

Non_contradiction: not (self and (not self))

Completeness: self or else (not self)

Abstract parent class of ordered types i.e. types on which the '<' operator is defined.

Arithmetic value comparison. Returns True if current object is less than other. This operator is effected and/or redefined in descendants to provide the appropriate ordering semantics for concrete types.

In conjunction with =, enables the definition of the related functions greater_than() etc.

True if current object less than or equal to other.

True if current object greater than other.

True if current object greater than or equal to other.

Type representing minimal interface of built-in Character type.

Type representing minimal interface of built-in Octet type.

Type representing minimal interface of built-in String type, as used to represent textual data in any natural or formal language.

True if string is empty, i.e. equal to "".

True if string can be parsed as an integer.

Return the integer corresponding to the integer value represented in this string.

Concatenation operator - causes other to be appended to this string.

Lexical comparison of string content based on ordering in relevant character set.

Return True if this String contains other (case-sensitive).

A kind of String constrained to obey the syntax of RFC 3986.

Abstract parent class of numeric types, which are types which have various arithmetic and comparison operators defined.

Sum with other (commutative). Actual type of result depends on arithmetic balancing rules.

Result of subtracting other. Actual type of result depends on arithmetic balancing rules.

Product by other. Actual type of result depends on arithmetic balancing rules.

Divide by`other`. Actual type of result depends on arithmetic balancing rules.

Expontiation of this by other.

Generate negative of current value.

Abstract notional parent class of ordered, numeric types, which are types with both the less_than() and arithmetic functions defined.

Type representing minimal interface of built-in Integer type.

Integer addition.

Integer subtraction.

Integer multiplication.

Integer division.

Integer exponentiation.

Return self modulo other.

Returns True if current Integer is less than other.

Generate negative of current Integer value.

Value equality: return True if this and other are attached to objects considered to be equal in value.

Reference equality for reference types, value equality for value types.

Type representing minimal interface of built-in Integer64 type.

Large integer addition.

Large integer subtraction.

Large integer multiplication.

Large integer division.

Large integer exponentiation.

Large integer modulus.

Returns True if current Integer is less than other.

Generate negative of current Integer value.

Value equality: return True if this and other are attached to objects considered to be equal in value.

Reference equality for reference types, value equality for value types.

Type used to represent decimal numbers. Corresponds to a single-precision floating point value in most languages.

Return the greatest integer no greater than the value of this object.

Real number addition.

Real number subtraction.

Real number multiplication.

Real number division.

Real number exponentiation.

Returns True if current Real is less than other.

Generate negative of current Real value.

Value equality: return True if this and other are attached to objects considered to be equal in value.

Reference equality for reference types, value equality for value types.

Type used to represent double-precision decimal numbers. Corresponds to a double-precision floating point value in most languages.

Return the greatest integer no greater than the value of this object.

Double-precision real number addition.

Double-precision real number subtraction.

Double-precision real number multiplication.

Double-precision real number division.

Double-precision real number exponentiation.

Returns True if current Double is less than other.

Generate negative of current Double value.

Value equality: return True if this and other are attached to objects considered to be equal in value.

Reference equality for reference types, value equality for value types.

Abstract ancestor of container types whose items are addressable in some way.

Test for membership of a value.

Number of items in container.

True if container is empty.

Existential quantifier applied to container, taking one agent argument test whose signature is (v:T): Boolean.

Universal quantifier applied to container, taking one agent argument test whose signature is (v:T): Boolean.

Return a List all items matching the predicate function test which has signature (v:T): Boolean. If no matches, an empty List is returned.

Return first item matching the predicate function test which has signature (v:T): Boolean, or Void if no match.

Ordered container that may contain duplicates.

Return first element.

Return last element.

First_validity: not is_empty implies first /= Void

Last_validity: not is_empty implies last /= Void

Unordered container that may not contain duplicates.

Container whose storage is assumed to be contiguous.

Return item for key a_key.

Type representing a keyed table of values. V is the value type, and K the type of the keys.

Test for presence of a_key.

Return item for key a_key.

Interval abstraction, featuring upper and lower limits that may be open or closed, included or not included. Interval of ordered items.

Lower bound. lower bound.

Upper bound. Upper bound.

lower boundary open (i.e. = -infinity). lower boundary open (i.e. = -infinity)

upper boundary open (i.e. = +infinity). upper boundary open (i.e. = +infinity)

lower boundary value included in range if not lower_unbounded. lower boundary value included in range if not lower_unbounded.

upper boundary value included in range if not upper_unbounded. upper boundary value included in range if not upper_unbounded.

True if the value e is properly contained in this Interval. True if (lower_unbounded or lower_included and v >= lower) or v > lower and (upper_unbounded or upper_included and v <= upper or v < upper)

True if there is any overlap between intervals represented by Current and other. True if at least one limit of other is strictly inside the limits of this interval.

True if current interval properly contains other? True if all points of other are inside the current interval.

True if current object’s interval is semantically same as other.

Lower_included_valid: lower_unbounded implies not lower_included

Upper_included_valid: upper_unbounded implies not upper_included

Limits_consistent: (not upper_unbounded and not lower_unbounded) implies lower <= upper

Limits_comparable: (not upper_unbounded and not lower_unbounded) implies lower.strictly_comparable_to (upper)

Type representing an Interval that happens to be a point value. Provides an efficient representation that is substitutable for Interval<T> where needed.

Lower boundary open (i.e. = -infinity).

Upper boundary open (i.e. = +infinity).

Lower boundary value included in range if not lower_unbounded.

Upper boundary value included in range if not upper_unbounded.

Inv_point: lower = upper

Type representing a 'proper' Interval, i.e. any two-sided or one-sided interval.

Inv_not_point: lower /= upper

An Interval of Integer, used to represent multiplicity, cardinality and optionality in models.

Marker to use in string form of interval between limits.

Symbol to use to indicate upper limit unbounded.

True if this interval imposes no constraints, i.e. is set to 0..*.

True if this interval expresses optionality, i.e. 0..1.

True if this interval expresses mandation, i.e. 1..1.

True if this interval is set to 0..0.

Express constraints on the cardinality of container objects which are the values of multiply-valued attributes, including uniqueness and ordering, providing the means to state that a container acts like a logical list, set or bag.

The interval of this cardinality.

True if the members of the container attribute to which this cardinality refers are ordered.

True if the members of the container attribute to which this cardinality refers are unique.

True if the semantics of this cardinality represent a bag, i.e. unordered, non-unique membership.

True if the semantics of this cardinality represent a list, i.e. ordered, non-unique membership.

True if the semantics of this cardinality represent a set, i.e. unordered, unique membership.

Definitions for date/time classes. Note that the timezone limits are set by where the international dateline is. Thus, time in New Zealand is quoted using +12:00, not -12:00.

Number of seconds in a minute.

Number of minutes in an hour.

Number of clock hours in a day, i.e. 24.

Used for conversions of durations containing months to days and / or seconds.

Maximum number of days in any month.

Calendar days in a normal year, i.e. 365.

Used for conversions of durations containing years to days and / or seconds.

Calendar days in a standard leap year, i.e. 366.

Maximum number of days in a year, i.e. accounting for leap years.

Number of days in a week.

Number of months in a year.

Minimum hour value of a timezone according to ISO 8601 (note that the -ve sign is supplied in the ISO8601_TIMEZONE class).

Maximum hour value of a timezone according to ISO 8601.

Used for conversions of durations containing months to days and / or seconds.

Used for conversions of durations containing years to days and / or seconds.

True if y >= 0.

True if m >= 1 and m <= months_in_year.

True if d >= 1 and d <= days_in_month (m, y).

True if (h >= 0 and h < Hours_in_day) or (h = Hours_in_day and m = 0 and s = 0) .

True if m >= 0 and m < Minutes_in_hour.

True if s >= 0 and s < Seconds_in_minute .

True if fs >= 0.0 and fs < 1.0 .

String is a valid ISO 8601 date, i.e. takes the complete form:

Where:

The combinations of YYYY, MM, DD numbers must be correct with respect to the Gregorian calendar.

String is a valid ISO 8601 date, i.e. takes the form:

with an additional optional timezone indicator of:

Where:

String is a valid ISO 8601 date-time, i.e. takes the form:

String is a valid ISO 8601 duration, i.e. takes the form:

Where each nn represents a number of years, months, etc. nnW represents a number of 7-day weeks.

Note: allowing the W designator in the same expression as other designators is an exception to the published standard, but necessary in clinical information (typically for representing pregnancy duration).

Where each nn represents a number of years, months, etc. nnW represents a number of 7- day weeks.

Abstract ancestor of time-related classes.

Abstract ancestor type of ISO 8601 types, defining interface for 'extended' and 'partial' concepts from ISO 8601.

Representation of all descendants is a single String.

True if this date time is partial, i.e. if trailing end (right hand) value(s) is/are missing.

True if this ISO8601 string is in the 'extended' form, i.e. uses '-' and / or ':' separators. This is the preferred format.

Represents an ISO 8601 date, including partial and extended forms. Value may be:

See Time_definitions.valid_iso8601_date() for validity.

Extract the year part of the date as an Integer.

Extract the month part of the date as an Integer, or return 0 if not present.

Extract the day part of the date as an Integer, or return 0 if not present.

Timezone; may be Void.

Indicates whether month in year is unknown. If so, the date is of the form "YYYY".

Indicates whether day in month is unknown. If so, and month is known, the date is of the form "YYYY-MM" or "YYYYMM".

True if this date is partial, i.e. if days or more is missing.

True if this date uses '-' separators.

Return string value in extended format.

Arithmetic addition of a duration to a date.

Arithmetic subtraction of a duration from a date.

Difference of two dates.

Addition of nominal duration represented by a_diff. For example, a duration of 'P1Y' means advance to the same date next year, with the exception of the date 29 February in a leap year, to which the addition of a nominal year will result in 28 February of the following year. Similarly, 'P1M' is understood here as a nominal month, the addition of which will result in one of:

Subtraction of nominal duration represented by a_diff. See add_nominal() for semantics.

Year_valid: valid_year (year)

Month_valid: not month_unknown implies valid_month (month)

Day_valid: not day_unknown implies valid_day (year, month, day)

Partial_validity: month_unknown implies day_unknown

Represents an ISO 8601 time, including partial and extended forms. Value may be:

See valid_iso8601_time() for validity.

Extract the hour part of the date/time as an Integer.

Extract the minute part of the time as an Integer, or return 0 if not present.

Extract the integral seconds part of the time (i.e. prior to any decimal sign) as an Integer, or return 0 if not present.

Extract the fractional seconds part of the time (i.e. following to any decimal sign) as a Real, or return 0.0 if not present.

Timezone; may be Void.

Indicates whether minute is unknown. If so, the time is of the form “hh”.

Indicates whether second is unknown. If so and month is known, the time is of the form "hh:mm" or "hhmm".

True if this time has a decimal part indicated by ',' (comma) rather than '.' (period).

True if this time is partial, i.e. if seconds or more is missing.

True if this time uses '-', ':' separators.

True if the fractional_second part is significant (i.e. even if = 0.0).

Return string value in extended format.

Arithmetic addition of a duration to a time.

Arithmetic subtraction of a duration from a time.

Difference of two times.

Hour_valid: valid_hour(hour, minute, second)

Minute_valid: not minute_unknown implies valid_minute (minute)

Second_valid: not second_unknown implies valid_second (second)

Fractional_second_valid: has_fractional_second implies (not second_unknown and valid_fractional_second (fractional_second))

Partial_validity: minute_unknown implies second_unknown

Represents an ISO 8601 date/time, including partial and extended forms. Value may be:

See valid_iso8601_date_time() for validity.

Note that this class includes 2 deviations from ISO 8601:2004:

Extract the year part of the date as an Integer.

Extract the month part of the date/time as an Integer, or return 0 if not present.

Extract the day part of the date/time as an Integer, or return 0 if not present.

Extract the hour part of the date/time as an Integer, or return 0 if not present.

Extract the minute part of the date/time as an Integer, or return 0 if not present.

Extract the integral seconds part of the date/time (i.e. prior to any decimal sign) as an Integer, or return 0 if not present.

Extract the fractional seconds part of the date/time (i.e. following to any decimal sign) as a Real, or return 0.0 if not present.

Timezone; may be Void.

Indicates whether month in year is unknown.

Indicates whether day in month is unknown.

Indicates whether minute in hour is known.

Indicates whether minute in hour is known.

True if this time has a decimal part indicated by ',' (comma) rather than '.' (period).

True if this date time is partial, i.e. if seconds or more is missing.

True if this date/time uses '-', ':' separators.

True if the fractional_second part is significant (i.e. even if = 0.0).

Return the string value in extended format.

Arithmetic addition of a duration to a date/time.

Arithmetic subtraction of a duration from a date/time.

Difference of two date/times.

Addition of nominal duration represented by a_diff. See Iso8601_date.add_nominal() for semantics.

Subtraction of nominal duration represented by a_diff. See add_nominal() for semantics.

Year_valid: valid_year (year)

Month_valid: valid_month (month)

Day_valid: valid_day(year, month, day)

Hour_valid: valid_hour (hour, minute, second)

Minute_valid: not minute_unknown implies valid_minute(minute)

Second_valid: not second_unknown implies valid_second (second)

Fractional_second_valid: has_fractional_second implies (not second_unknown and valid_fractional_second (fractional_second))

Partial_validity_year: not month_unknown

Partial_validity_month: not month_unknown

Partial_validity_day: not day_unknown

Partial_validity_hour: not hour_unknown

Partial_validity_minute: minute_unknown implies second_unknown

Represents an ISO 8601 duration, which may have multiple parts from years down to seconds. The value attribute is a String in the format:

Returns True.

Returns False.

Number of years in the value, i.e. the number preceding the 'Y' in the 'YMD' part, if one exists.

Number of months in the value, i.e. the value preceding the 'M' in the 'YMD' part, if one exists.

Number of days in the value, i.e. the number preceding the 'D' in the 'YMD' part, if one exists.

Number of hours in the value, i.e. the number preceding the 'H' in the 'HMS' part, if one exists.

Number of minutes in the value, i.e. the number preceding the 'M' in the 'HMS' part, if one exists.

Number of seconds in the value, i.e. the integer number preceding the 'S' in the 'HMS' part, if one exists.

Fractional seconds in the value, i.e. the decimal part of the number preceding the 'S' in the 'HMS' part, if one exists.

Number of weeks in the value, i.e. the value preceding the W, if one exists.

True if this time has a decimal part indicated by ',' (comma) rather than '.' (period).

Total number of seconds equivalent (including fractional) of entire duration. Where non-definite elements such as year and month (i.e. 'Y' and 'M') are included, the corresponding 'average' durations from Time_definitions are used to compute the result.

Return the duration string value.

Arithmetic addition of a duration to a duration, via conversion to seconds, using Time_definitions.Average_days_in_year and Time_definitions.Average_days_in_month

Arithmetic subtraction of a duration from a duration, via conversion to seconds, using Time_definitions.Average_days_in_year and Time_definitions.Average_days_in_month

Arithmetic multiplication a duration by a number.

Arithmetic division of a duration by a number.

Generate negative of current duration value.

Years_valid: years >= 0

Months_valid: months >= 0

Weeks_valid: weeks >= 0

Days_valid: days >= 0

Hours_valid: hours >= 0

Minutes_valid: minutes >= 0

Seconds_valid: seconds >= 0

Fractional_second_valid: fractional_second >= 0.0 and fractional_second < 1.0

ISO8601 timezone string, in format:

where:

Extract the hour part of timezone, as an Integer in the range 00 - 14.

Extract the hour part of timezone, as an Integer, usually either 0 or 30.

Direction of timezone expresssed as +1 or -1.

Indicates whether minute part known.

True if this time zone is partial, i.e. if minutes is missing.

True if this time-zone uses ‘:’ separators.

True if timezone is UTC, i.e. +0000.

Return timezone string in extended format.

Min_hour_valid: sign = -1 implies hour > 0 and hour <= Min_timezone_hour

Max_hour_valid: sign = 1 implies hour > 0 and hour <= Max_timezone_hour

Minute_valid: not minute_unknown implies valid_minute (minute)

Sign_valid: sign = 1 or sign = -1

Leaf type representing a standalone term from a terminology, which consists of the term text and the code, i.e. a concept reference.

Reference to the terminology concept formally representing this term.

Text of term.

Primitive type representing a standalone reference to a terminology concept, in the form of a terminology identifier, optional version, and a code or code string from the terminology.

The archetype environment namespace identifier used to identify a terminology. Typically a value like "snomed_ct" that is mapped elsewhere to the full URI identifying the terminology.

Optional string value representing terminology version, typically a date or dotted numeric.

A terminology code or post-coordinated code expression, if supported by the terminology. The code may refer to a single term, a value set consisting of multiple terms, or some other entity representable within the terminology.

The URI reference that may be used as a concrete key into a notional terminology service for queries that can obtain the term text, definition, and other associated elements.

Type representing a function with a return type and 0 or more arguments represented as a TUPLE.

Type representing a function with a return type and 0 or more arguments represented as a TUPLE.

Type representing a procedure with 0 or more arguments represented as a TUPLE.

Parent type of all TUPLE types.

A Tuple type used, among other things, for representing a single typed argument within a Routine signature.

A Tuple type used, among other things, for representing two typed arguments within a Routine signature.